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Mercy 

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Hesed

Translated: kindness - loving - steadfast love - unfailing love loyalty

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Rehem

Isa. 49: 15 Spoken here of a mother's love .

Ps.103:3 A Father's love .

  • Free acts of rescue or deliverance - the faithfulness of GOD.
  • A relationship is present ( love almost demands or requires a subject to love, but hesed is freely given) .
  • Freedom of decision is essential. The help is vital , someone is in the position to help . The helper does so in his own freedom . God the helper does free acts of mercy in His own freedom .

 

Ex. 15: 11- 18

"Who is like unto thee, O LORD, among the gods? who is like thee, glorious in holiness, fearful in praises, doing wonders? Thou stretchedst out thy right hand, the earth swallowed them. Thou in thy mercy hast led forth the people which thou hast redeemed: thou hast guided them in thy strength unto thy holy habitation. The people shall hear, and be afraid: sorrow shall take hold on the inhabitants of Palestina. Then the dukes of Edom shall be amazed; the mighty men of Moab, trembling shall take hold upon them; all the inhabitants of Canaan shall melt away. Fear and dread shall fall upon them; by the greatness of thine arm they shall be as still as a stone; till thy people pass over, O LORD, till the people pass over, which thou hast purchased. Thou shalt bring them in, and plant them in the mountain of thine inheritance, in the place, O LORD, which thou hast made for thee to dwell in, in the Sanctuary, O Lord, which thy hands have established.
The LORD shall reign for ever and ever."

As soon as the nations would hear of the guidance of Israel through the Red Sea (Reed Sea) and of Pharoah's destruction, they were thrown into despair from fear and alarm and would not oppose Israel as they marched through their land.

v. 16

Fear & dread would fall upon the nations, because of the greatness God showed on behalf of Israel. The arm of God had delivered Israel.

The nations were as stone as Israel marched on till the people Jehovah had purchased passed through .

v.13 -15

Moses does not describe what is past but foresees the future events in the Spirit as if they had already happened. The nations did not have to fear them passing through but what they did have to fear was their possession of the land. The report had reached Canaan and had filled the nations with fear.

v. 17

Thou wilt wilt bring and plant them in the mountain of thine inheritance, the place God had made. God is the place. The mountain was the place where God would dwell. The Presence of God makes a place set apart or holy. The word "place" in Hebrew can at times mean God .

Ps. 78: 52 - 55

". . . But made his own people to go forth like sheep, and guided them in the wilderness like a flock. And he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies. And he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, even to this mountain, which his right hand had purchased. He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents."

This was the place God would dwell through the sacrifice of Isaac. The place God will dwell through the sacrifice of Jesus

1Cor. 3 : 16

"Know ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you?"

We are the temple of the Holy Spirit . God planted the people of God in the house in the presence of the Lord .

Ps. 92 : 13

"Those that be planted in the house of the LORD shall flourish in the courts of our God."

Where Jehovah would perfect His fellowship with His people and where the people would show themselves by their sacrifices to be the people of His possession and would serve Him forever as their King.

In the Spirit Moses already saw the people in Cannaan which Jehovah had described, in the promise given to the Fathers and repeated to him as His own dwelling place, where He would abide in the midst of His people in holy separation from the nations of the world .

Rom. 12 : 1 - 2

"I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service. And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God."

Present your selves as living sacrifices , which is worship .

 

When the first state of the journey was completed he would see the end of the journey. The nation was so devoted to Jehovah that they dwelt in the shadow of His Presence .

 

Ex . 34 : 5 - 9

"And the LORD descended in the cloud, and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the LORD. And the LORD passed by before him, and proclaimed, The LORD, The LORD God, merciful and gracious, longsuffering, and abundant in goodness and truth,  Keeping mercy for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, and upon the children's children, unto the third and to the fourth generation. And Moses made haste, and bowed his head toward the earth, and worshipped. And he said, If now I have found grace in thy sight, O Lord, let my Lord, I pray thee, go among us; for it is a stiffnecked people; and pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for thine inheritance."

God is revealing His Name - the most hidden nature of Jehovah - Mercy

He proclaims HE is love - The kind of love in which mercy, grace, longsuffering, goodness and truth are united with holiness and justice.

As the merciful one, who is great in goodness and truth, Jehovah shows mercy to the thousandth = forgiving sin and iniquity in longsuffering and grace - but also does not allow sin to go unpunished = justice.

God shows mercy and forgives when one returns to the Redeemer.

Moses is laying hold of the grace that had been revealed to him as never before.

v.9

He says,' take us for your inheritance.'

Moses included himself in the nation of Israel in the Presence of God .This does not mean " lead the people to an inheritance" (but) to make a people into a possession of Jehovah, His very own. People who belong to Him .

Rahum with its overtones of a mother's love, hannum grace combined with slowness to anger, all emphasize the character of God who is love.

Love & justice 1Jn. 4: 16

"Whosoever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God dwelleth in him, and he in God."

Ps. 86 : 15

"But thou, O Lord, art a God full of compassion, and gracious, longsuffering, and plenteous in mercy and truth."

Lord (7 x)

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The Lord full or complete in mercy .

Ps. 86 : 5

"For thou, Lord, art good, and ready to forgive; and plenteous in mercy unto all them that call upon thee."

The Lord is good, altogether love and for this very reason, also ready to forgive and great, rich in mercy for all who call upon Him as such.

v. 8

"Among the gods there is none like unto thee, O Lord; neither are there any works like unto thy works."

The incomparableness - none can compare to Him. Nothing can compare to Him .

v. 9

"All nations whom thou hast made shall come and worship before thee, O Lord; and shall glorify thy name."

All the nations which you have made or have their being in you, although they have forgotten, will come to recognize who He is and His mercy. They will come to recognize Him in Christ Jesus by the Holy Spirit being given, which is HIS Presence among us and in us. The promise given to Abraham and his seed as in one, Jesus Christ .

v.11

"Teach me thy way, O LORD; I will walk in thy truth: unite my heart to fear thy name."

David is asking for God to direct his heart in its power and concentrate them on one thing .

v. 17

"Shew me a token for good; that they which hate me may see it, and be ashamed: because thou, LORD, hast holpen me, and comforted me."

God shows kindness and faithfulness - love is back of God's Covenant .

 

Dt.7: 6 - 8

"For thou art an holy people unto the LORD thy God: the LORD thy God hath chosen thee to be a special people unto himself, above all people that are upon the face of the earth. The LORD did not set his love upon you, nor choose you, because ye were more in number than any people; for ye were the fewest of all people: But because the LORD loved you, and because he would keep the oath which he had sworn unto your fathers, hath the LORD brought you out with a mighty hand, and redeemed you out of the house of bondmen, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt."

Love is the divine motive not for choosing Israel, but for leading it out and delivering it from the house of slavery - bondage. Humiliation was the way to prove our attitude toward God.

We need to feel our need for help and dependence on God.

 

Dt. 8 : 1-2

"All the commandments which I command thee this day shall ye observe to do, that ye may live, and multiply, and go in and possess the land which the LORD sware unto your fathers. And thou shalt remember all the way which the LORD thy God led thee these forty years in the wilderness, to humble thee, and to prove thee, to know what was in thine heart, whether thou wouldest keep his commandments, or no."

This was to prove whether they believed in the omnipotence - the all-powerful, unlimited, divineness of God and His love and righteousness. God would see if they would believe in Him in their place of humility. If they believed they would obey Him .

The humiliation in the desert consisted not merely in the fact that God let the people hunger - to be in want of bread or their ordinary food - but also in that He fed them manna which was unknown to them and their Fathers. Feeding with manna is called humiliation. God intended to show the people through this food, which was altogether unknown to them, that man does not live by bread alone; That the power to sustain life does not rest on bread alone or belong simply to it but to all that proceedeth out of the mouth of God - the WORD of God, the mouth of Jehovah .

-The revealed will of God to preserve the life of man in whatever way: all means designed by God for the sustenance of life .

 

Jn. 4 : 32 - 34

"But he said unto them, I have meat to eat that ye know not of. Therefore said the disciples one to another, Hath any man brought him ought to eat? Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work."

Jesus had meat to eat that they knew not of. That was to do the will of the Father. To OBEY the WORD .

Matt. 4 : 4

"But he answered and said, It is written, Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God."

The Messiah lives by fulfilling the will of God or trusting in the sustaining WORD of GOD .

Jn. 6 : 29

"Jesus answered and said unto them, This is the work of God, that ye believe on him whom he hath sent."

Matt. 26 : 26 - 28

"And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins."

Acts 8: 30 - 35

"And Philip ran thither to him, and heard him read the prophet Esaias, and said, Understandest thou what thou readest? And he said, How can I, except some man should guide me? And he desired Philip that he would come up and sit with him. The place of the scripture which he read was this, He was led as a sheep to the slaughter; and like a lamb dumb before his shearer, so opened he not his mouth: In his humiliation his judgment was taken away: and who shall declare his generation? for his life is taken from the earth. And the eunuch answered Philip, and said, I pray thee, of whom speaketh the prophet this? of himself, or of some other man? Then Philip opened his mouth, and began at the same scripture, and preached unto him Jesus."

1 Cor. 11 : 23 - 29

"For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread: And when he had given thanks, he brake it, and said, Take, eat: this is my body, which is broken for you: this do in remembrance of me. After the same manner also he took the cup, when he had supped, saying, This cup is the new testament in my blood: this do ye, as oft as ye drink it, in remembrance of me. For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do shew the Lord's death till he come. Wherefore whosoever shall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord, unworthily, shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord. But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup. For he that eateth and drinketh unworthily, eateth and drinketh damnation to himself, not discerning the Lord's body."

Phil. 2 : 9

"Wherefore God also hath highly exalted him, and given him a name which is above every name:"

A bread of humilation altogether unknown to them .

 

Dt. 8 : 5

"Thou shalt also consider in thine heart, that, as a man chasteneth his son, so the LORD thy God chasteneth thee."

Jehovah humbled His people that they might learn in their heart, convinced by experience, that their God was educating them as a Father does a son. Adomonishing, chastening, educating them to keep His commandments.

Dt. 6 : 24

"And the LORD commanded us to do all these statutes, to fear the LORD our God, for our good always, that he might preserve us alive, as it is at this day."

In the temple aretwelve loaves , called Lehem ha Panim (Bread of Faces or Bread of Presence), the BREAD of the KINGDOM .

On Passover matza is called bread of affliction, manna .

 

Matt. 11 : 27

"All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him."

Jn. 1: 13

"Which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God."

Jn . 14 : 1 - 11

"Let not your heart be troubled: ye believe in God, believe also in me. In my Father's house are many mansions: if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you. And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also. And whither I go ye know, and the way ye know. Thomas saith unto him, Lord, we know not whither thou goest; and how can we know the way? Jesus saith unto him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me. If ye had known me, ye should have known my Father also: and from henceforth ye know him, and have seen him. Philip saith unto him, Lord, shew us the Father, and it sufficeth us. Jesus saith unto him, Have I been so long time with you, and yet hast thou not known me, Philip? he that hath seen me hath seen the Father; and how sayest thou then, Shew us the Father? Believest thou not that I am in the Father, and the Father in me? the words that I speak unto you I speak not of myself: but the Father that dwelleth in me, he doeth the works. Believe me that I am in the Father, and the Father in me: or else believe me for the very works' sake."

Jn .5 : 1 - 8

"After this there was a feast of the Jews; and Jesus went up to Jerusalem. Now there is at Jerusalem by the sheep market a pool, which is called in the Hebrew tongue Bethesda, having five porches. In these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water. For an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had. And a certain man was there, which had an infirmity thirty and eight years. When Jesus saw him lie, and knew that he had been now a long time in that case, he saith unto him, Wilt thou be made whole? The impotent man answered him, Sir, I have no man, when the water is troubled, to put me into the pool: but while I am coming, another steppeth down before me. Jesus saith unto him, Rise, take up thy bed, and walk."

Mt.9 : 20 - 30

"And, behold, a woman, which was diseased with an issue of blood twelve years, came behind him, and touched the hem of his garment: For she said within herself, If I may but touch his garment, I shall be whole. But Jesus turned him about, and when he saw her, he said, Daughter, be of good comfort; thy faith hath made thee whole. And the woman was made whole from that hour. And when Jesus came into the ruler's house, and saw the minstrels and the people making a noise, He said unto them, Give place: for the maid is not dead, but sleepeth. And they laughed him to scorn. But when the people were put forth, he went in, and took her by the hand, and the maid arose. And the fame hereof went abroad into all that land. And when Jesus departed thence, two blind men followed him, crying, and saying, Thou Son of David, have mercy on us. And when he was come into the house, the blind men came to him: and Jesus saith unto them, Believe ye that I am able to do this? They said unto him, Yea, Lord. Then touched he their eyes, saying, According to your faith be it unto you. And their eyes were opened; and Jesus straitly charged them, saying, See that no man know it."

Mal. 4 : 2

"But unto you that fear my name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings; and ye shall go forth, and grow up as calves of the stall."

Dt. 18: 15

"The LORD thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken;"

Mt. 11 : 1 - 15

"And it came to pass, when Jesus had made an end of commanding his twelve disciples, he departed thence to teach and to preach in their cities. Now when John had heard in the prison the works of Christ, he sent two of his disciples, and said unto him, Art thou he that should come, or do we look for another? Jesus answered and said unto them, Go and shew John again those things which ye do hear and see: The blind receive their sight, and the lame walk, the lepers are cleansed, and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, and the poor have the gospel preached to them. And blessed is he, whosoever shall not be offended in me. And as they departed, Jesus began to say unto the multitudes concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken with the wind? But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? behold, they that wear soft clothing are in kings' houses. But what went ye out for to see? A prophet? yea, I say unto you, and more than a prophet. For this is he, of whom it is written, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee. Verily I say unto you, Among them that are born of women there hath not risen a greater than John the Baptist: notwithstanding he that is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffereth violence, and the violent take it by force. For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John. And if ye will receive it, this is Elias, which was for to come. He that hath ears to hear, let him hear."

lepers

Jn. 5 : 36 - 37

"But I have greater witness than that of John: for the works which the Father hath given me to finish, the same works that I do, bear witness of me, that the Father hath sent me.And the Father himself, which hath sent me, hath borne witness of me. Ye have neither heard his voice at any time, nor seen his shape."

Sources

  • Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament Vol . 1
  • Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament Vol. 1 by Harris - Archer & Waltke